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[Acute infectious diarrhea in children]
1Serviço de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Universidade de Lisboa.
Insights
Diarrhoea, a significant global health issue, is explored regarding its causes, effects, and prevention. Breast milk is highlighted as a key preventive measure against acute infectious diarrhoea, crucial for infant health.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Context:
- Diarrhoea presents complex clinical and pathophysiological challenges with global and national health implications.
- Understanding epidemiological factors is crucial for managing infectious diarrhoea worldwide.
- Natural host defenses play a vital role in preventing intestinal infections.
Purpose:
- To define diarrhoea clinically and pathophysiologically.
- To review the primary etiologies and mechanisms of infectious diarrhoea.
- To discuss therapeutic guidelines and preventive strategies, emphasizing breastfeeding.
Summary:
- This review covers the definition, epidemiology, etiologies, and pathophysiology of diarrhoea.
- It outlines clinical manifestations and discusses key therapeutic interventions.
- Breast milk is identified as a critical preventive measure for acute infectious diarrhoea.
Impact:
- Provides a comprehensive overview of diarrhoea for healthcare professionals and researchers.
- Highlights the importance of breastfeeding in reducing the burden of infectious diarrhoea.
- Informs public health strategies for managing and preventing diarrhoeal diseases globally.
Abstract:
Diarrhoea is defined either clinically or pathophysiologically. Some epidemiological issues are considered in a global as well as in a national perspective. The main etiologies and pathophysiological mechanisms are referred. Some important natural defenses against intestinal infection are pointed out. Clinical manifestations are briefly described. The main therapeutical guidelines are discussed. Breast milk is referred to as one of the most important preventive measures against acute infectious diarrhoea.