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Prostate-specific antigen levels from a mass screening program using highly sensitive RIA kits

S Akimoto1, T Ichikawa, K Akakura

  • 1Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan.

International Journal of Urology : Official Journal of the Japanese Urological Association
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
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This study evaluated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men during mass screening. Highly sensitive PSA kits are crucial for accurately assessing PSA distribution and its relation to prostate volume in screening programs.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Public Health Screening

Background:

  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is vital for detecting prostatic diseases.
  • Understanding PSA level distribution in mass screening is essential for effective diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the distribution of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men undergoing mass screening.
  • To assess the relationship between PSA levels, age, and prostate volume.

Main Methods:

  • A mass screening of 763 men over 40 was conducted using Eiken and Hybritech (Tandem-R) PSA kits.
  • Screening included serum PSA tests, digital rectal exams, symptom questionnaires, prostate volume evaluation, and obesity rate determination.

Main Results:

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  • High correlation (r=0.990) was found between the two PSA kits, with Eiken kit values slightly higher.
  • PSA levels showed weak correlation with age but significant differences based on prostate volume.
  • Approximately 40% of subjects had PSA values below 1.0 ng/mL, highlighting the need for sensitive assays.

Conclusions:

  • Highly sensitive PSA assay kits are valuable for mass screening programs.
  • These kits enable accurate evaluation of PSA distribution and its correlation with prostate volume.
  • Sensitive assays are crucial for detecting low PSA levels (<1.0 ng/mL) often missed by standard kits.