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Coxsackieviruses and pancreatitis

A I Ramsingh1

  • 1Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, New York 12201-2002, USA. arlene.ramsingh@wadsworth.org

Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library
|August 15, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Coxsackievirus infections may cause pancreatitis in some patients with unknown causes. Further research is needed to understand the complex relationship between viral infections and pancreatic diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Pancreatitis often results from alcohol abuse or biliary disease, but causes of idiopathic pancreatitis remain unclear.
  • Coxsackievirus infections are proposed as a potential contributing factor to pancreatitis of unknown etiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the hypothesis that coxsackievirus infections contribute to idiopathic pancreatitis.
  • To review existing evidence from serological studies, case reports, and animal models.

Main Methods:

  • Review of serological studies, case reports, and animal models.
  • Analysis of viral strains, host genetic predisposition, and environmental factors.
  • Examination of mouse studies showing coxsackievirus tropism for the exocrine pancreas.

Main Results:

  • Certain coxsackievirus serotypes (B4, B3) show tropism for the exocrine pancreas in mouse models.
  • Viral infections can lead to varying degrees of pancreatic injury, from reversible damage to chronic pancreatitis.
  • A genetic predisposition to autoimmunity may link viral infections to autoimmune chronic pancreatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Coxsackievirus infection is a potential cause for a subset of idiopathic pancreatitis cases.
  • The relationship between coxsackievirus and pancreatitis is complex, involving viral strain, host genetics, and environmental factors.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is essential to elucidate the intricate links between coxsackievirus, pancreatic injury, and autoimmune responses.

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