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Biochemical composition of benign thyroid cyst fluid

M Ozata1, I Kurt, M A Serdar

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gulhane School of Medicine, Etlik-Ankara, Turkey. mozata@obs.gata.edu.tr

Biological Trace Element Research
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid cyst fluid shows elevated enzymes like AST and LDH, plus proteins, indicating inflammation and potential bleeding or tissue breakdown. Selenium levels were low, possibly due to regional factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Thyroid cyst fluid composition is poorly understood despite easy accessibility.
  • Benign thyroid cysts are common, and understanding their fluid's nature is clinically relevant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the biochemical composition of benign thyroid cyst fluid.
  • To compare cyst fluid analytes with normal human serum.
  • To explore factors influencing cyst fluid composition, such as cyst type and fluid color.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 18 benign thyroid cyst fluid specimens.
  • Measurement of enzyme activities (AST, LDH) and concentrations (total protein, bilirubin, uric acid, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, selenium).
  • Protein electrophoresis was performed on cyst fluid.

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Main Results:

  • Significantly higher AST, LDH, total protein, total bilirubin, and uric acid in cyst fluid compared to serum.
  • Normal serum levels for glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides in cyst fluid.
  • Low selenium concentrations and high alpha 1 and alpha 2 globulin fractions suggesting inflammation.
  • No significant differences in analytes based on cyst type (pure/mixed) or fluid color.
  • Biochemical markers suggest hemorrhagic origin, with possible contributions from autolysis or necrosis.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid cyst fluid composition is characterized by elevated proteins and enzymes, indicative of inflammation and tissue breakdown.
  • Fluid color and cyst type do not significantly alter biochemical composition.
  • Low selenium levels may be population-specific.
  • Hemorrhage and tissue necrosis are likely contributors to cyst fluid content.