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[Acute alcoholic hepatitis]

L Bertrand

    Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London
    |October 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Acute alcoholic hepatitis, a liver condition from chronic alcohol use, can be fatal and often progresses to cirrhosis. Reducing alcohol intake is the only effective treatment for this serious liver disease.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Acute alcoholic hepatitis is a severe liver condition linked to chronic alcohol abuse.
    • It presents anatomically as fatty liver with sclerosing hyaline necrosis and clinically with hepatomegaly and hepatic failure symptoms.
    • This condition is often considered a 'pre-cirrhotic' state.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To define the anatomical and clinical characteristics of acute alcoholic hepatitis.
    • To outline the prognosis and potential complications of the disease.
    • To highlight diagnostic challenges and treatment limitations.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical and pathological features of acute alcoholic hepatitis.
    • Analysis of disease progression and outcomes in affected patients.

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  • Comparison with other liver conditions and diagnostic markers like Mallory bodies.

    • Main Results:

    • Acute alcoholic hepatitis is characterized by fatty liver, necrosis, and can lead to cirrhosis in over 60% of cases.
    • Mortality is high, reaching 25% in acute cases due to homeostatic failure.
    • Mallory bodies on liver biopsy are a characteristic finding, rarely seen in non-alcoholic hepatitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute alcoholic hepatitis is a significant precursor to cirrhosis, particularly with continued alcohol consumption.
    • Effective treatment is limited to alcohol cessation; the disease can be self-perpetuating.
    • Differential diagnosis should consider acute abdominal conditions and hepatoma.