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Prematurity

K Ritchie, G McClure

    Lancet (London, England)
    |December 8, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The World Health Organization reclassifies "prematurity" into "preterm" infants (born before 37 weeks) and "low birthweight" infants (under 2500g). These classifications, despite drawbacks, highlight the critical mortality and morbidity risks in preterm and low birthweight neonates.

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    Area of Science:

    • Perinatal epidemiology
    • Neonatal health
    • Public health policy

    Background:

    • Traditional terminology like "prematurity" is being replaced by standardized definitions.
    • The World Health Organization (WHO) now recommends classifying infants based on gestational age and birthweight.
    • Existing definitions for preterm and low birthweight infants have limitations in accurately categorizing all small neonates.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To discuss the evolving terminology in perinatal epidemiology.
    • To highlight the definitions of "preterm" and "low birthweight" infants as recommended by the WHO.
    • To underscore the significant mortality and morbidity associated with these classifications.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current terminology in perinatal epidemiology.
    Keywords:
    Developed CountriesDiseasesEuropeInfant MortalityMortalityNorthern EuropePopulation DynamicsPregnancyPregnancy ComplicationsUnited Kingdom

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  • Analysis of WHO recommendations for classifying infants born before 37 weeks gestation (preterm) and with birthweight less than 2500g (low birthweight).
  • Examination of the limitations of these definitions.

    • Main Results:

    • The WHO recommends "preterm" for infants born before 37 completed weeks of gestation.
    • The WHO recommends "low birthweight" for infants weighing less than 2500g at birth.
    • Both definitions have limitations: gestational age can be uncertain, and low birthweight does not distinguish between preterm and small-for-gestational-age infants.

    Conclusions:

    • Despite definitional challenges, preterm and low birthweight infants face high risks of mortality and morbidity.
    • These infants account for a substantial proportion of early neonatal deaths in the United Kingdom (over two-thirds of first-week deaths).
    • Accurate classification remains crucial for understanding and addressing neonatal health outcomes.