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Updated: Jul 24, 2026

High Throughput Microinjections of Sea Urchin Zygotes
Published on: January 21, 2014
Looking into the sea urchin embryo you can see local cell interactions regulate morphogenesis
1University of california, Berkeley 94720-3200, USA. wilt@socrates.berkeley.edu
Abstract:
The transparent sea urchin embryo provides a laboratory for study of morphogenesis. The calcareous endoskeleton is formed by a syncytium of mesenchyme cells in the blastocoel. The locations of mesenchyme in the blastocoel, the size of the skeleton, and even the branching pattern of the skeletal rods, are governed by interactions with the blastula wall. Now Guss and Ettensohn show that the rate of deposition of CaCO3 in the skeleton is locally controlled in the mesenchymal syncytium, as is the pattern of expression of three genes involved in skeleton formation. They propose that short range signals emanating from the blastula wall regulate many aspects of the biomineralization process.
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