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Tumor antigens recognized by T lymphocytes

B J Van den Eynde1, T Boon

  • 1Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, Belgium.

International Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Research
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Researchers have identified three classes of human tumor antigens recognized by T cells. These tumor antigens, including those from mutated genes, offer promising targets for novel cancer immunotherapies.

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A peptide derived from melanocytic protein gp100 and presented by HLA-B35 is recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes on melanoma cells.

Tissue antigens·2005

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Significant advancements in understanding human tumor antigens recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) have been made.
  • Molecular identification of tumor antigens has progressed through genetic and biochemical approaches, revealing three distinct classes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge of human tumor antigens.
  • To categorize identified tumor antigens based on their origin and expression patterns.
  • To highlight the potential of these antigens as targets for cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetic and biochemical studies identifying tumor antigens.
  • Classification of antigens based on gene expression in tumors versus normal tissues.
  • Analysis of antigen presentation to T cells via HLA molecules.

Main Results:

  • Three classes of tumor antigens have been identified.
  • Class 1: Antigens encoded by MAGE, BAGE, GAGE, expressed in tumors and testis.
  • Class 2: Differentiation antigens (e.g., tyrosinase, Melan-A) in melanoma and melanocytes.
  • Class 3: Antigens from mutations in ubiquitously expressed genes, with peptides from mutated regions.

Conclusions:

  • Identified tumor antigens, particularly those from mutated genes, represent promising targets for developing specific cancer immunotherapies.
  • Further research into these antigen classes can drive the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

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