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Streptococcus suis: past and present

J J Staats1, I Feder, O Okwumabua

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506, USA.

Veterinary Research Communications
|August 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Streptococcus suis causes various diseases in pigs and humans, including meningitis and septicaemia. Current control relies on antimicrobials due to a lack of effective vaccines.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Zoonotic Diseases

Background:

  • Streptococcus suis is a Gram-positive bacterium causing significant disease in swine globally.
  • It leads to diverse clinical syndromes such as meningitis, pneumonia, and septicaemia in pigs.
  • Human infections, particularly from S. suis type 2, can cause severe outcomes like meningitis and death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Streptococcus suis pathogenesis and virulence factors.
  • To highlight the impact of S. suis on animal and human health.
  • To discuss current strategies for disease control.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Streptococcus suis research.
  • Analysis of identified virulence factors and their proposed roles.

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  • Examination of disease control methods.

    • Main Results:

    • Streptococcus suis infections present a broad spectrum of diseases in swine.
    • Human infections pose a significant zoonotic risk, especially for those handling pigs or pork.
    • The precise pathogenic mechanisms and virulence factors of S. suis remain incompletely understood.

    Conclusions:

    • Further research is needed to elucidate Streptococcus suis virulence factors and pathogenesis.
    • Effective immunoprophylaxis for S. suis is currently unavailable.
    • Antimicrobial therapy remains the primary method for controlling Streptococcus suis infections.