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Proofreading01:43

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Synthesis of new DNA molecules starts when DNA polymerase links nucleotides together in a sequence that is complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity for the correct base to ensure fidelity in DNA replication. The DNA polymerase furthermore proofreads during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.Errors during Replication Are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase EnzymeGenomic DNA is synthesized in...
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BioMEMS: Forging New Collaborations Between Biologists and Engineers
07:26

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When authorship fails. A proposal to make contributors accountable

D Rennie1, V Yank, L Emanuel

  • 1Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco 94109, USA.

JAMA
|August 20, 1997
PubMed
Summary

The traditional author system in academic publishing is outdated due to increasing co-authorship. Replacing "author" with "contributor" and disclosing roles enhances accountability and publication integrity.

Keywords:
Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchInternational Committee of Medical Journal Editors

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Area of Science:

  • Scholarly communication
  • Academic publishing
  • Research integrity

Background:

  • The current authorship system is ill-suited for modern research with multiple contributors.
  • Increasing numbers of co-authors and specialized roles obscure credit and dilute accountability.
  • Existing publication practices fail to adequately assess individual contributions and responsibilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a fundamental shift in academic publishing terminology and practice.
  • To address the challenges posed by complex, multi-author research collaborations.
  • To enhance accountability and transparency in scientific publications.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of the current authorship paradigm.
  • Argument for a systematic change in how research participation is recognized.
  • Proposal to replace the term "author" with "contributor".

Main Results:

  • The proposed "contributor" model necessitates disclosure of individual roles and contributions.
  • Designating contributors allows for clear assignment of credit and responsibility.
  • Identifying a "guarantor" among contributors ensures oversight of the work's integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Adopting the "contributor" system will better reflect the realities of modern collaborative research.
  • Mandatory disclosure of contributions will bolster accountability and trust in published work.
  • This change is essential for maintaining and enhancing the integrity of the scientific publication process.