Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
Published on: March 21, 2013
Renal depressor mechanisms of physical training in patients with essential hypertension
K Kohno1, H Matsuoka, K Takenaka
1Department of Internal Medicine III, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
Abstract:
To clarify characteristics of the patients in whom exercise training lowers blood pressure and to elucidate the mechanisms by which exercise training lowers blood pressure, we evaluated 24-h blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), filtration fraction (FF), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), plasma norepinephrine concentration (PNE), and incremental area of insulin/glucose (sigmaI/sigmaG) during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, and assessed arterial baroreceptor function (BSI) before and after a 3-week exercise training program (four 6-min sessions daily at 75% VO2 max). Patients were classified as responders (n = 15) if they showed statistically significant reduction in the multiple comparison of 24-h mean arterial pressure (MAP), or as nonresponders (n = 15) if they did not. Although there were no significant differences between responders and nonresponders in age, weight, MAP, GFR, RBF, RPF, FF, PNE, sigmaI/sigmaG, or BSI before exercise, renal vascular resistance (RVR; P < .05), PRA (P < .05), and PAC (P < .05) were significantly higher in responders than in nonresponders. The fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) (P < .05) were significantly lower in responders than in nonresponders. After exercise training, FF (P < .01), RVR (P < .05), PNE (P < .05) PRA (P < .01), and sigmaI/sigmaG (P < .05) decreased significantly only in responders. The decrease in MAP significantly correlated with the reductions in FF (r = 0.46, P < .05), PNE (r = 0.52, P < .01) and RVR (r = 0.40, P < .05). Thus, in patients who have higher RVR and PRA, exercise training lowered blood pressure in parallel to a reduction in RVR associated with decreases in sympathetic tone and improvement of insulin resistance. Our results suggest that exercise-induced changes in renal hemodynamics may contribute to the reduction in blood pressure in these patients.
More Related Videos
10:19Getting to Compliance in Forced Exercise in Rodents: A Critical Standard to Evaluate Exercise Impact in Aging-related Disorders and Disease
Published on: August 22, 2014
05:06Effects of Mindfulness Training Combined with Tai Chi in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Published on: July 14, 2023
Related Concept Videos
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Diuretics
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of β1 Blockers
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Hypertension V: Nursing Management