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Clinical features of perineuritis
E J Sorenson1, A A Sima, M Blaivas
1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Muscle & Nerve
|September 1, 1997
Summary
Perineuritis, inflammation of the nerve sheath, is linked to various systemic diseases, most commonly diabetes mellitus. Treatment with immunomodulating therapy shows variable patient responses.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pathology
- Immunology
Background:
- Perineuritis is a rare inflammatory condition affecting the nerve sheath.
- Its association with systemic diseases and diverse clinical presentations is not well-defined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the systemic associations and clinical patterns of peripheral neuropathy in patients with pathologically confirmed perineuritis.
- To evaluate the efficacy of immunomodulating therapies in managing perineuritis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 13 patients with pathologically confirmed perineuritis.
- Review of clinical history, comorbidities, electrophysiologic findings, and treatment outcomes.
- Detailed examination of associated systemic conditions.
Main Results:
- The study identified 13 patients with perineuritis, frequently associated with diabetes mellitus (7 patients), nutritional abnormalities (5), rheumatological illnesses (2), sepsis (2), and malignancy (1).
- Electrophysiologic testing revealed diverse neuropathy patterns, including mononeuritis multiplex (7), demyelinating neuropathy (4), distal sensory and motor neuropathy (1), and polyradiculoneuropathy (1).
- Twelve patients received immunomodulating therapy, with varied responses observed across the cohort.
Conclusions:
- Perineuritis is associated with a spectrum of systemic conditions, with diabetes mellitus being the most common, previously unrecognized association.
- Peripheral neuropathy in perineuritis presents with diverse electrophysiologic patterns.
- Immunomodulating therapies offer variable therapeutic benefits in patients with perineuritis.