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Related Experiment Videos

In vitro methods for vaccine evaluation

L J Reitan1, C J Secombes

  • 1Department of Immunoprophylaxis, National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.

Developments in Biological Standardization
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Establishing reliable in vitro assays for fish vaccine potency testing is crucial. This review highlights the correlation between immune responses and protection, particularly antibody responses, for bacterial vaccines.

Area of Science:

  • Aquatic immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Fish health

Background:

  • In vitro assays are essential for evaluating fish vaccines, especially for potency testing.
  • Current focus is on bacterial vaccines, assessing both immune responses and protection.
  • Identifying protective antigens and understanding their immunogenicity in fish is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review in vitro assay establishment for fish vaccine evaluation.
  • To present assays for potency testing monitoring specific immune responses.
  • To correlate immune responses with protection in fish vaccine trials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fish vaccine evaluation assays.
  • Analysis of studies assessing immune responses and protection in bacterial vaccine trials.

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  • Discussion of antibody-based assays and T-cell response assays (e.g., lymphocyte proliferation, macrophage activation factor).

    • Main Results:

    • Strong immunogenicity of candidate antigens from various fish pathogens noted.
    • Striking correlation observed between elicited immune responses and protection.
    • Clear relationship identified between immunizing dose, antibody response, and protection for some antigens.
    • Need for T-cell response assays for live vaccine evaluation highlighted.

    Conclusions:

    • Antibody response assays provide a basis for potency testing of bacterial fish vaccines.
    • Cellular immune response assays are necessary for live vaccine evaluation.
    • Development of ELISA-based cytokine release assays will facilitate assessment of cellular immunity and potential potency testing.