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Posture and movement: coordination and control

F Lacquaniti1, C Maioli, N A Borghese

  • 1Istituto Scientifico S. Lucia I.N.B.-C.N.R., Roma.

Archives Italiennes De Biologie
|September 1, 1997
PubMed
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Body posture and limb movement rely on precise control, with limb geometry prioritized over center of mass. This coordination ensures dynamic equilibrium during locomotion in cats and humans.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Body posture and limb movement involve complex control mechanisms.
  • Vestibulospinal and neck reflexes play a role in stabilizing the body.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the interplay between posture and movement control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review studies on variables controlling body posture and limb movement.
  • To investigate how cats maintain limb geometry and orientation during pitch.
  • To explore the shared coordination laws between posture and locomotion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on animal models (cats) and human locomotion.
  • Analysis of reflex responses (vestibulospinal, neck) to different body orientations (roll, pitch).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of limb segment coordination during static and dynamic conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Vestibulospinal and neck reflexes cancel during roll but not pitch.
    • Trunk orientation is not stabilized in pitch; limb geometry and orientation are controlled.
    • A planar covariation constraint in limb segment elevation angles was observed in cats, also applicable to human locomotion.

    Conclusions:

    • Limb geometry control may supersede center of mass control for stability.
    • Shared intersegmental coordination laws for posture and locomotion ensure dynamic equilibrium.
    • Neural encoding in gravity-based reference frames facilitates spatial information alignment for movement.