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[Study of hepatitis B surface antigen by 2 different serological methods]

H Bilgehan, A Bilgiç

    Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni
    |July 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Passive erythrocyte hemagglutination (RPHA) test is more sensitive than Discontinuous-Counter-Immunoelectrophoresis (DCIE) for detecting Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers in both normal populations and blood donors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hepatology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global health concern.
    • Accurate screening for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is crucial for preventing transmission.
    • Assessing the sensitivity of diagnostic tests is vital for effective public health strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the diagnostic sensitivity of Discontinuous-Counter-Immunoelectrophoresis (DCIE) and passive erythrocyte hemagglutination (RPHA) tests.
    • To evaluate the prevalence of HBsAg carriers in a normal population and among blood donors using these two methods.

    Main Methods:

    • Sera from 1321 apparently normal individuals and 156 blood donors were tested.
    • Discontinuous-Counter-Immunoelectrophoresis (DCIE) and passive erythrocyte hemagglutination (RPHA) assays were employed for HBsAg screening.

    Main Results:

    • In the normal population, DCIE detected 1.66% HBsAg carriers, while RPHA identified 9.22%.
    • Among blood donors, DCIE identified 3.84% carriers, whereas RPHA detected 23.0% carriers.
    • RPHA demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity in detecting HBsAg carriers compared to DCIE in both study groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Passive erythrocyte hemagglutination (RPHA) is a more sensitive screening method for HBsAg than Discontinuous-Counter-Immunoelectrophoresis (DCIE).
    • The findings highlight the superior efficacy of RPHA in identifying Hepatitis B carriers, which has implications for blood transfusion safety and public health surveillance.

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