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Current knowledge of Bartonella species

M Maurin1, R Birtles, D Raoult

  • 1Unité des Rickettsies, CNRS UPRESA 6020, Université de la Méditerranće, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Bartonella bacteria are emerging pathogens causing diseases like trench fever and cat scratch disease. Aminoglycosides are recommended for treatment due to their bactericidal activity against intracellular Bartonella.

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Lack of correlation between Bartonella DNA detection within fleas, serological results, and results of blood culture in a Bartonella-infected stray cat population.

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·2002

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Bacteriology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Bartonella species are recognized as emerging infectious agents.
  • Four of eleven species cause human disease, with two prevalent in Europe.
  • Bartonella quintana causes trench fever in the homeless, and Bartonella henselae causes cat scratch disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of Bartonella infections.
  • To highlight significant Bartonella-associated conditions, including HIV-related infections and culture-negative endocarditis.
  • To discuss challenges in Bartonella diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Bartonella epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostics.
  • Discussion of diagnostic techniques including histology, microbiology, serology, and molecular methods (PCR).

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  • Analysis of treatment strategies and in vitro antimicrobial activity, focusing on bactericidal effects.
  • Main Results:

    • Bartonella infections present with diverse clinical syndromes, notably trench fever, cat scratch disease, HIV-associated infections, and culture-negative endocarditis.
    • Epidemiology is poorly understood; transmission routes include cats/fleas for B. henselae and body lice for B. quintana.
    • Diagnosis is challenging due to fastidious bacterial growth, with PCR and immunological methods showing utility.
    • Clinical relapses are common despite various treatment regimens.

    Conclusions:

    • Bartonella infections pose a significant public health challenge due to their emerging nature and diverse manifestations.
    • Effective diagnosis requires a combination of methods, while treatment necessitates agents with proven bactericidal activity.
    • Aminoglycosides demonstrate in vitro bactericidal activity against intracellular Bartonella and are recommended for treatment.