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Adrenalectomy increases sensitivity to central insulin

M Chavez1, R J Seeley, P K Green

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.

Physiology & Behavior
|September 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Brain insulin sensitivity increases without glucocorticoids. Adrenalectomized rats showed reduced food intake and body weight when given brain insulin, suggesting a glucocorticoid-sensitive mechanism for appetite regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Metabolic Regulation

Background:

  • Insulin in the brain influences feeding behavior and body weight.
  • Corticosterone, a glucocorticoid, can antagonize insulin's effects and promote overeating.
  • The interaction between central insulin and glucocorticoids in appetite control is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of glucocorticoids in mediating the effects of central insulin on food intake and body weight.
  • To determine if the absence of glucocorticoids enhances the brain's sensitivity to insulin.

Main Methods:

  • Infusion of a subthreshold dose of insulin (1 mU/day) or saline into the third ventricle of adrenalectomized (ADX) and sham-ADX rats.
  • Monitoring of food intake and body weight over a 2-week period.

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Main Results:

  • Adrenalectomized rats receiving central insulin exhibited a significant reduction in food intake and body weight.
  • Sham-operated rats (with intact adrenal glands) showed no significant changes in response to central insulin or saline.
  • Saline-infused ADX rats also showed no significant changes, indicating insulin's specific effect.

Conclusions:

  • The absence of circulating glucocorticoids enhances the brain's sensitivity to insulin's anorectic effects.
  • Central insulin acts via a glucocorticoid-sensitive mechanism to reduce food intake and body weight.
  • These findings highlight a critical interaction between the insulin and glucocorticoid systems in regulating energy homeostasis.