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Drunk or sober? Learned conformity to a behavioral standard

M Zack1, M Vogel-Sprott

  • 1Addiction Research Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Studies on Alcohol
|September 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Behavioral standards for drinking are learned through reinforcement. Even without feedback, individuals maintained learned "sober" or "intoxicated" performance levels when expecting or consuming alcohol.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Behavioral standards in social situations, particularly alcohol consumption, are influenced by learned expectations.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of learned behavior under the influence of alcohol is crucial for public health and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that behavioral standards related to alcohol consumption are learned.
  • To investigate whether previously reinforced behavioral standards persist when alcohol is expected or consumed, even without ongoing reinforcement.

Main Methods:

  • Two groups of social drinkers were trained to adopt either a

Main Results:

  • Both groups successfully adopted their reinforced behavioral standards (sober or intoxicated) during training.

Related Experiment Videos

  • These learned standards were retained even when reinforcement was removed.
  • Under placebo, the "sober" group performed at baseline levels, while the "intoxicated" group showed significant impairment, indicating learned standards influence behavior independently of the drug effect.
  • These group differences persisted under alcohol, with the drug impairing both groups similarly.

    • Conclusions:

    • Reinforcement of specific behavioral standards under alcohol can lead to the display of those standards in subsequent drinking situations.
    • Learned behavioral standards contribute to behavior in drinking contexts, distinct from the direct pharmacological effects of alcohol.
    • The retention of learned standards without reinforcement confirms their acquisition and suggests they are not merely a response to situational cues.