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Drinking drivers missed at sobriety checkpoints

J K Wells1, M A Greene, R D Foss

  • 1Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Arlington, Virginia 22201, USA.

Journal of Studies on Alcohol
|September 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Police officers miss many impaired drivers at sobriety checkpoints. Women, younger drivers, and those without passengers are less likely to be detected when driving under the influence.

Area of Science:

  • Traffic Safety Research
  • Law Enforcement Effectiveness
  • Alcohol Impairment Detection

Background:

  • Sobriety checkpoints are a proven strategy to deter alcohol-impaired driving.
  • However, a significant number of drivers with elevated blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) are not identified at these checkpoints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the accuracy of police officers in identifying drivers with BACs at or above 0.05% at sobriety checkpoints.
  • To identify driver, vehicle, and checkpoint characteristics associated with missed detections of impaired drivers.

Main Methods:

  • Interviews and voluntary breath samples were collected from drivers not detained at 156 sobriety checkpoints in North Carolina.
  • Analysis focused on identifying factors correlating with missed detections of drivers with BACs >= 0.05% and >= 0.08%.

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Main Results:

  • Nearly 90% of drivers with BACs > 0.05% and over 50% with BACs > 0.08% were missed.
  • Factors increasing the likelihood of being missed included being female, aged 35 or younger, lacking passengers, and checkpoint timing (weekends).

Conclusions:

  • Police awareness of driver characteristics associated with lower detection rates can improve checkpoint effectiveness.
  • Passive alcohol sensors offer a potential technological solution to enhance the detection of impaired drivers at checkpoints.