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Calcium supplementation

S J Whiting1, R Wood, K Kim

  • 1University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.

Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Calcium supplements are essential for bone health and may help prevent osteoporosis. Both calcium carbonate and chelated calcium are safe and effective, but consult a doctor for appropriate dosage to avoid deficiencies.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Calcium is vital for preventing diseases like osteoporosis and hypertension.
  • Dietary calcium intake is often insufficient in North America, necessitating supplementation.
  • Various calcium supplement forms exist, each with unique absorption and safety considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of different calcium supplement forms.
  • To identify factors influencing calcium absorption and utilization.
  • To provide guidance on appropriate calcium supplementation for disease prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on calcium bioavailability and safety.
  • Analysis of factors affecting calcium absorption, including stomach acidity and food intake.

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  • Examination of potential interactions with other nutrients and contaminants.

    • Main Results:

    • Calcium carbonate and chelated calcium supplements are generally safe and effective for osteoporosis prevention.
    • Absorption of calcium carbonate can be affected by stomach acid levels.
    • Chelated calcium salts offer better absorption in certain conditions but contain less calcium per gram.

    Conclusions:

    • Refined calcium carbonate and chelated calcium are recommended for most individuals.
    • Exceeding 2,000 mg of calcium daily may lead to mineral deficiencies.
    • Individuals at risk for milk-alkali syndrome require careful monitoring during calcium supplementation.