System for analysing sickness absenteeism in Poland

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Occupational Health
• Biostatistics

Background:

• The National System of Sickness Absenteeism Statistics has operated in Poland since 1977.
• This system is integral to national health statistics, utilizing a 15% random sample of work incapacity certificates.
• Certificates are issued for sickness, accidents, or family care, requiring employee notification on the first day of absence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze trends and identify key drivers of sickness absenteeism in the Polish working population.
• To assess the impact of specific disease categories on work incapacity.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of data from the National System of Sickness Absenteeism Statistics.
• Examination of certificates of temporary incapacity for work issued by healthcare providers.
• Statistical analysis of disease- and accident-related absenteeism patterns.

Main Results:

• Musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous system diseases constitute one-third of total sickness absenteeism, representing a major occupational health concern.
• Incapacity for work due to these conditions has increased 2.5-fold in males over the past five years.
• Circulatory diseases, specifically arterial hypertension (41% of sickness days) and ischemic heart disease (27% of sickness days), are critical issues for males aged 40 and older.
• Absenteeism due to circulatory diseases has more than doubled in males.

Conclusions:

• Musculoskeletal, nervous system, and circulatory diseases are primary contributors to sickness absenteeism in Poland's working population.
• There is a significant and increasing trend of work incapacity due to these conditions, particularly among males.
• Targeted public health interventions focusing on these disease groups are crucial for mitigating the impact on the workforce.