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Is metronidazole teratogenic? A meta-analysis
T Caro-Patón1, A Carvajal, I Martin de Diego
1Instituto de Farmacoepidemiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain.
Aim:
In order to assess whether the use of metronidazole during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of congenital malformations, a meta-analysis was conducted.
Methods:
All epidemiological studies (cohort and case-control) which estimate risk of congenital malformations after exposure to metronidazole during early pregnancy were included in the meta-analysis. To obtain a summary odds ratio, the Mantel-Haenszel method was used. A test to verify absence of heterogeneity was also performed.
Results:
One unpublished case-control and four published cohort studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were not statistically heterogeneous. A summary odds ratio was calculated for metronidazole exposure during the first trimester: OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.90-1.29, heterogeneity test chi2 = 4.72, P = 0.32.
Conclusions:
This meta-analysis did not find any relationship between metronidazole exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy and birth defects.