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Structural and functional analyses of human cerebral cortex using a surface-based atlas

D C Van Essen1, H A Drury

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|September 15, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Functional specializations in human cerebral cortex analyzed using the visible man surface-based atlas.

Human brain mapping·2010

Researchers mapped the human cerebral cortex using digital atlases and stereotaxic coordinates. This analysis reveals distinct brain regions for form, color, and motion processing, aiding neuroimaging interpretation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Anatomy
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • The human cerebral cortex's complex organization presents challenges for mapping functional areas.
  • Digital atlases and stereotaxic coordinate systems offer potential solutions for precise localization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the geometry, geography, and functional organization of the human cerebral cortex.
  • To link neuroimaging activation foci to specific cortical surface locations.
  • To compare human and macaque cortical organization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surface reconstructions and cortical flat maps from the Visible Man digital atlas.
  • Integrated the Visible Man cerebrum with the Talairach stereotaxic coordinate space.
  • Analyzed spatial uncertainty of activation foci localization (approx. 10 mm radius).
Keywords:
NASA Discipline NeuroscienceNon-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • Reconstructed neocortex surface area is 1570 cm², with 70% buried in sulci.
  • Identified distinct regions for form (ventral occipito-temporal), form/color (posterior VP/V4v), and motion processing (occipito-temporal junction).
  • Observed overlaps in activation foci for form and motion processing in the ventral occipito-temporal region.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a framework for visualizing neuroimaging data in relation to cortical surface anatomy.
  • Distinct functional regions for visual processing (form, color, motion) were delineated.
  • Significant similarities and differences exist between human and macaque cortical organization.