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Maternal and paternal risk factors and adverse neonatal outcomes among Hispanic subgroups in Illinois (1989 through
D Patel1, Z H Piotrowski, M Nelson
1Columbus Cabrini Hospital and Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
Insights
Hispanic subgroups show significant differences in birth outcomes and risk factors. Cuban infants experienced higher mortality, while Puerto Rican mothers faced more risk factors, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal epidemiology
- Public health
- Sociodemographic disparities in healthcare
Background:
- Significant variations exist in birth outcomes among Hispanic subgroups.
- Understanding these disparities is crucial for developing effective public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate maternal and paternal risk factors and their association with birth outcomes.
- To compare these factors and outcomes across different Hispanic subgroups, as well as with white and black populations in Illinois.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of computerized birth certificate data for 131,768 Hispanic singleton neonates in Illinois (1989-1993).
- Comparison of outcomes among five Hispanic subgroups.
- Examination of matched infant birth-death files for neonatal and postneonatal mortality (1989-1992 birth cohorts).
- Analysis of fetal mortality data.
Main Results:
- Puerto Rican mothers exhibited higher rates of maternal risk factors and infant morbidity.
- Infants of Cuban mothers demonstrated significantly higher rates of fetal and infant mortality.
- Substantial prenatal and birth outcome differences were observed among the five Hispanic subgroups.
Conclusions:
- Significant heterogeneity exists in prenatal risk factors and birth outcomes among Hispanic subgroups.
- These identified differences underscore the need for tailored interventions to address specific subgroup needs.
- Targeted interventions can potentially improve birth outcomes and reduce disparities.
Objectives:
The study purposes were to examine maternal and paternal high-risk factors and note associated differences in birth outcomes among Hispanic subgroups compared with white and black populations in Illinois.
Study Design:
Computerized birth certificate data of 131,768 Hispanic singleton neonates (14.1% of all Illinois births from 1989 through 1993) were compared among five Hispanic subgroups. Matched infant birth-death computerized files were obtained for neonatal and postneonatal mortality (1989 through 1992 birth cohorts) and separate fetal mortality tables were also examined.
Results:
Whereas Puerto Rican mothers had higher prevalence rates for various maternal risk factors and higher infant morbidity rates among the five Hispanic groups, infants of Cuban mothers had significantly higher fetal and infant mortality rates.
Conclusions:
Our study identified substantial differences during the prenatal period and in birth outcomes among the five Hispanic subgroups. Those differences may help us develop innovative targeted interventions.