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Updated: Aug 18, 2026
Cell-based Therapy for Heart Failure in Rat: Double Thoracotomy for Myocardial Infarction and Epicardial Implantation of Cells and Biomatrix
Published on: September 22, 2014
[Therapy of heart failure. II. Therapy of chronic heart failure]
1Klinik III für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln.
Insights
Current heart failure treatments include diuretics, cardiac glycosides, and ACE inhibitors, which improve survival. Beta blockers offer a new strategy but require cautious use. Research explores novel therapies like calcium sensitizers.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pharmacology
Context:
- Chronic heart failure management involves diuretics, cardiac glycosides, and ACE inhibitors.
- ACE inhibitors have improved patient survival rates in chronic heart failure.
- The combination of hydralazine hydrochloride and isosorbide dinitrate also improves survival but is less effective than ACE inhibitors.
Purpose:
- To review current and emerging therapeutic strategies for chronic heart failure.
- To compare the efficacy of different treatment regimens.
- To highlight new research directions in heart failure treatment.
Summary:
- ACE inhibitors are crucial for improving survival and inhibiting neuroendocrine activation in chronic heart failure.
- Beta blockers represent a novel therapeutic approach, enhancing cardiomyocyte function and cardiac output, but necessitate cautious administration.
- Emerging treatments include calcium sensitizers, intracellular ion homeostasis modulators, and receptor antagonists.
Impact:
- Provides an overview of established and novel treatments for chronic heart failure.
- Emphasizes the importance of ACE inhibitors and the cautious use of beta blockers.
- Highlights the potential of new therapeutic agents in clinical research.
Abstract:
Current medical treatment of chronic heart failure makes use of a combination of diuretics, cardiac glycosides and ACE inhibitors. The latter have improved the chances of survival of patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency. The combination of hydralazine hydrochloride and isosorbide dinitrate also improves survival, but direct comparison of both regimens provided evidence for a less favourable effect than that of the ACE inhibitors. Inhibition of neuroendocrine activation has been demonstrated only for ACE inhibitors and cardiac glycosides. The use of beta blockers represents a new therapeutic strategy that over the long term improves cardiomyocyte function, cardiac output at rest, and physical performance. For this indication, however, beta blockers should be used with extreme caution and at very low initial doses. New approaches in the area of clinical research are, for example, calcium sensitizers, modulators of intracellular calcium and/or sodium homeostasis, imidazolin receptor antagonists with an action on the central nervous system and AT1 receptor antagonists.
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