Focus group interview as a data gathering tool: its application to nurses' understanding of HIV infection and AIDS

The focus group interview (FGI) is a research method not commonly used by nurses. It is an effective method if qualitative data are needed and may be used independently to get indepth information, but also can be used in conjunction with tools such as questionnaires, to elicit information that could not be gathered otherwise. For the FGI to be applied correctly the researcher must be well versed with its contents, and ensure that the primary reason for using such a method is solely to collect data. Other reasons like decision-making or reaching a consensus would not be appropriate. The researcher has shown how this method was used in a study in a specialised hospital in Durban which examined professional nurses' knowledge and understanding of AIDS and HIV infection. The results not only illustrated knowledge and understanding, but raised sensitive issues and dilemmas related to caring for HIV infected patients. Areas of further research were highlighted and recommendations made.