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Double minute chromosomes and myelodysplastic syndrome: a case report and literature review
1Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, USA.
Abstract:
Double minute chromosomes (dmin) occur in about 3.3-10.6% of acute leukemia, especially in the elderly. However, dmins are relatively rare in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We describe a case of refractory anemia with excess blasts associated with complex cytogenetic abnormalities, dmins, and brief survival.
Insights
Double minute chromosomes (dmins), rare in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), were observed in a patient with refractory anemia with excess blasts. This case highlights the association of dmins with complex cytogenetics and poor prognosis in MDS.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Cytogenetics
Background:
- Double minute chromosomes (dmins) are observed in 3.3-10.6% of acute leukemias, particularly in elderly patients.
- Dmins are infrequently reported in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders.
Observation:
- This report details a rare case of refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB).
- The patient presented with complex cytogenetic abnormalities alongside the presence of dmins.
Findings:
- The co-occurrence of dmins and complex cytogenetics in RAEB was noted.
- The patient experienced a brief survival period, suggesting a poor prognosis.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of cytogenetic analysis, including the detection of dmins, in MDS diagnosis.
- Identifying dmins in MDS may help predict disease progression and patient outcomes.
- Further research is warranted to understand the role of dmins in MDS pathogenesis and their impact on survival.
