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Cytokine-induced autoimmune disorders

P Miossec1

  • 1Department of Immunology, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France. miossec@cimac-res.univ-lyon1.fr

Drug Safety
|August 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Cytokine therapies, including interferon and interleukin-2, can trigger or worsen autoimmune diseases, particularly thyroid issues. Patients with pre-existing autoimmune conditions require monitoring during such treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cytokines are widely used in treating cancers and viral infections.
  • Therapeutic cytokine use has been linked to autoimmune manifestations.
  • Observed autoimmune effects include interferon-alpha, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-2 therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between cytokine therapy and autoimmune disease induction/exacerbation.
  • To highlight the frequent occurrence of thyroid abnormalities.
  • To understand the role of T helper cell (TH) 1/TH2 balance in these effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical observations and biological effects of cytokine treatments.
  • Analysis of T helper cell (TH) 1/TH2-cytokine balance alterations.
  • Monitoring of patients with history or serological markers of autoimmunity.

Main Results:

  • Cytokine therapy can induce or exacerbate autoimmune conditions.
  • Thyroid abnormalities are a frequent autoimmune manifestation.
  • Effects may relate to altered TH1/TH2-cytokine balance and regulatory T cells.

Conclusions:

  • Exogenous cytokines can impact immune homeostasis, leading to autoimmunity.
  • Patients with autoimmune predispositions need careful monitoring during cytokine therapy.
  • Understanding cytokine-induced autoimmunity is crucial for patient safety and treatment efficacy.

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