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Somatosensory functioning in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

S Parush1, H Sohmer, A Steinberg

  • 1School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is linked to impaired tactile processing and sensory defensiveness in children. ADHD boys showed deficits in processing touch stimuli and altered brain responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Previous research suggests potential links between ADHD and sensory processing differences.
  • Somatosensory processing, the ability to interpret touch, is crucial for development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that ADHD is associated with somatosensory processing deficits.
  • To compare tactile processing abilities in children with and without ADHD.
  • To explore potential differences in sensory defensiveness and neurophysiological responses.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 49 male children diagnosed with ADHD and 49 age-matched controls participated.

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  • Participants underwent a battery of tactile tasks assessing various aspects of somatosensory perception.
  • Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were recorded, and parent/teacher ratings of tactile responses were collected.

    • Main Results:

    • Children with ADHD demonstrated reduced skill in suprathreshold tactile tasks compared to controls.
    • A significantly higher proportion of ADHD children exhibited tactile defensiveness.
    • ADHD participants showed larger amplitudes in late components of SEP, but not early components.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that children with ADHD exhibit specific deficits in somatosensory processing.
    • Tactile defensiveness and altered neurophysiological responses are more prevalent in ADHD.
    • These somatosensory differences may contribute to the symptomatology and challenges faced by children with ADHD.