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Aromatase in human bone tissue

H Sasano1, M Uzuki, T Sawai

  • 1Department of Pathology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|September 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Aromatase, an enzyme producing estrogens in bone, is widely expressed in human bone cells. Its expression correlates with osteoporosis, suggesting a role in bone health.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Estrogens exert actions in various tissues through peripheral aromatization of androgens.
  • In situ production of estrogens by aromatase in human bone suggests a role in bone mass maintenance.
  • Osteoblasts are key cells in bone remodeling and homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate aromatase expression in human bone tissues and identify expressing cell types.
  • To quantify aromatase mRNA levels and correlate them with age, gender, and osteoporosis.
  • To analyze alternative promoter usage and the role of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD).

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry and mRNA in situ hybridization for aromatase expression in tibia.
  • Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to quantify aromatase mRNA in bone samples.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Immunolocalization of type I 17 beta-HSD and analysis of aromatase gene's multiple exon 1 usage.

    • Main Results:

    • Strong aromatase and 17 beta-HSD immunoreactivity and mRNA expression were found in lining cells, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes.
    • Aromatase mRNA levels varied significantly among individuals but did not correlate with age or gender.
    • Aromatase expression positively correlated with the degree of osteoporotic changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Aromatase is widely expressed in various cell types within human bone tissue.
    • The predominant promoter used for aromatase gene expression is type 1b (fibroblast type).
    • Aromatase likely plays a significant role in maintaining human bone health, particularly in the context of osteoporosis.