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Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis

P Kleinman, M Rivelis, R Schneider

    Radiology
    |December 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis presents in early teens, often with joint pain, not back pain. This progressive condition affects the spine and joints, distinct from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Rheumatology
    • Pediatric Rheumatology
    • Immunogenetics

    Background:

    • Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the axial skeleton.
    • Juvenile-onset AS (JAS) presents unique diagnostic challenges, often differing from adult-onset disease.
    • Early identification is crucial for managing long-term outcomes in pediatric patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the clinical and radiographic features of juvenile ankylosing spondylitis.
    • To differentiate JAS from other pediatric rheumatic conditions, particularly juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
    • To evaluate the prevalence of HLA B27 in affected children.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of clinical histories and radiographs.
    • Analysis of presenting symptoms, disease progression, and joint involvement.

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  • Radiographic assessment of spinal and appendicular joints.
  • HLA B27 antigen testing in a subset of patients.

    • Main Results:

    • All 28 patients developed symptoms before age 17.
    • Appendicular joint complaints were more common presenting symptoms than low back pain.
    • The disease showed progressive spinal and sacroiliac joint involvement, with severe appendicular joint changes.
    • HLA B27 antigen was positive in 8 of 9 tested patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis typically manifests in early adolescence with peripheral joint symptoms.
    • Progressive axial and peripheral joint involvement is characteristic.
    • Distinguishing JAS from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis requires comprehensive evaluation, including radiographic and laboratory findings.