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Related Experiment Videos

The ventricular gradient and altered ventricular activation patterns

Y Shimizu1, M Kondo, G Nishiyama

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.

Japanese Heart Journal
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The ventricular gradient (G) vector magnitude is smaller in bundle branch block (BBB) patients. Changes in G vector direction during BBB differ from acute pacing effects, suggesting distinct underlying mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The ventricular gradient (G) vector reflects cardiac electrical activity.
  • Bundle branch block (BBB) alters ventricular activation patterns.
  • Understanding G vector changes in BBB is crucial for diagnosing and managing cardiac conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the ventricular gradient vector in normal individuals and patients with left and right bundle branch block (BBB).
  • To compare the G vector during sinus rhythm with that during artificial ventricular pacing.
  • To investigate the mechanisms behind G vector alterations in BBB and pacing.

Main Methods:

  • Body surface potential mapping data was used to calculate the best-fit ventricular gradient vector.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurements were performed in healthy subjects, patients with left BBB, and patients with right BBB.
  • Ventricular pacing was artificially induced to compare G vector changes under different activation conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • The magnitude of the G vector was smaller in patients with BBB compared to normal individuals.
    • In left BBB, the G vector's directional change largely followed the QRS complex changes.
    • In right BBB, G vector changes were variable but averaged less than 90 degrees from QRS changes. Acute right ventricular pacing caused a small G vector magnitude increase, opposite to QRS changes.

    Conclusions:

    • G vector alterations in left and right BBB are likely due to chronic processes.
    • These chronic changes differ from the acute effects observed during ventricular pacing.
    • The findings provide insights into the electrophysiological basis of BBB and pacing-induced changes.