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Factor X deficiency in a cat
J L Gookin1, M B Brooks, J L Catalfamo
1Department of Companion Animal and Special Species Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606, USA.
Insights
Severe congenital factor X deficiency, a rare bleeding disorder, was diagnosed in a domestic shorthair cat. This finding highlights the need for specific coagulation factor analysis in diagnosing feline coagulopathies.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Hematology
- Genetics
Background:
- Congenital factor X deficiency is a rare inherited bleeding disorder affecting multiple species.
- Coagulopathies in cats can present with diverse clinical signs, complicating diagnosis.
Observation:
- A 3-year-old domestic shorthair cat presented with generalized seizures and prolonged bleeding post-venipuncture.
- Screening tests revealed a prolonged Russell's viper venom time in the dam and reduced factor X activity in the dam and a sibling.
Findings:
- The study reports the first known case of severe congenital factor X deficiency in a domestic cat.
- Evidence suggests a hereditary basis for factor X deficiency in this feline family.
Implications:
- This case expands the known spectrum of inherited coagulopathies in domestic animals.
- Accurate diagnosis of feline bleeding disorders may necessitate advanced coagulation factor analysis beyond standard screening tests.
Abstract:
Severe congenital deficiency of factor X was diagnosed in a 3-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat with clinical signs of generalized seizures and prolonged bleeding after venipuncture. Heritability of factor X deficiency was suspected because of a prolonged Russell's viper venom time in the dam and reductions in factor X activity in the dam and 1 sibling. To our knowledge, factor X deficiency in cats has not been reported previously. Definitive diagnosis for animals with clinical signs of coagulopathy may require repetition of coagulation screening tests using different assay methods or specific coagulation factor analyses.