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Pulmonary tissue volume, cardiac output, and diffusing capacity in sustained microgravity

S Verbanck1, H Larsson, D Linnarsson

  • 1Akademisch Ziekenhuis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium. pnevks@az.vub.ac.be

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|September 18, 1997
PubMed
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Spaceflight causes fluid shifts, but microgravity does not lead to pulmonary edema. Studies show lung tissue volume decreases despite increased blood flow, indicating no fluid buildup in the lungs.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Space Medicine
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Microgravity alters human body fluid distribution, causing cranial fluid shifts and overall fluid loss.
  • The impact of these fluid shifts on pulmonary tissue fluid volume remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether interstitial pulmonary edema develops due to headward fluid shifts in microgravity.
  • To determine if pulmonary tissue fluid volume decreases because of overall body fluid loss during spaceflight.

Main Methods:

  • Pulmonary tissue volume (Vti), capillary blood flow, and diffusing capacity were measured in four astronauts before, during, and after 10 days of spaceflight.
  • Gas rebreathing technique using acetylene, carbon monoxide, and argon was employed for measurements.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline CardiopulmonaryNon-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • Early in-flight measurements showed no change in Vti, despite increased stroke volume and diffusing capacity.
  • Late in-flight measurements revealed a significant 25% reduction in Vti compared to preflight levels.
  • Stroke volume decreased to preflight levels, while diffusing capacity remained elevated.

Conclusions:

  • Exposure to microgravity does not result in interstitial pulmonary edema.
  • Despite increased pulmonary perfusion and capillary blood volume, pulmonary tissue fluid volume is reduced in microgravity.