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Cardiac tamponade in Taiwan

M L Wang1, W B Liao, M J Bullard

  • 1Department of Primary Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.

Japanese Circulation Journal
|September 18, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Non-traumatic cardiac tamponade, often caused by malignant diseases like lung cancer, has a poor prognosis. Percutaneous pericardiocentesis is recommended for symptom relief due to short survival times.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cardiac tamponade is a critical condition requiring prompt management.
  • Malignant etiologies significantly impact the prognosis of cardiac tamponade.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical characteristics, etiologies, and outcomes of patients with non-traumatic cardiac tamponade.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of percutaneous pericardiocentesis in managing malignant pericardial effusion.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 112 patients treated for cardiac tamponade between January 1991 and December 1995.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, clinical presentations, electrocardiographic findings, pericardial effusion characteristics, and survival data.

Main Results:

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  • Dyspnea was the most common symptom (85%).
  • Malignant diseases were present in 54.5% of patients, with lung cancer being the most frequent (35% of deaths).
  • The mean survival time after pericardiocentesis was 3.4 months.
  • Conclusions:

    • Non-traumatic cardiac tamponade, particularly when malignant, carries a poor prognosis.
    • Percutaneous pericardiocentesis is a suitable palliative treatment for recurrent malignant pericardial effusion, avoiding invasive procedures in patients with limited survival.
    • Further research into definitive treatments for malignant pericardial effusion is warranted.