[The surgical therapy of prostatic tumors]

In this paper the authors review the latest international literature regarding prostate tumour surgery, comparing surgery with the so-called "wait and see" approach. Together with hormone treatment, the latter method has been used by many researchers over the past few years given the low mortality caused by this tumour in spite of the increasing number of cases diagnosed. The wait-and-see approach is now rendered controversial by improved diagnostic methods and the widespread introduction of early diagnosis programmes. The authors report a number of studies on the use of "wait-and-see" in relation to radical prostatectomy and compare the results of the two techniques in terms of morbidity, mortality and survival. They go on to describe the various types of surgical technique used and their respective pros and cons as well as the complications typical of each technique. In conclusion, the authors discuss the indications for radical prostatectomy which, if performed in selected patients, appears to be a promising therapeutic approach in terms of disease-free survival and with a low operating mortality with complications that are not impossible to resolve using appropriate treatment.