A comprehensive lifting model: beyond the NIOSH lifting equation
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Updated: Oct 31, 2026

A Modeling and Simulation Method for Preliminary Design of an Electro-Variable Displacement Pump
Published on: June 1, 2022
J Hidalgo1, A Genaidy, W Karwowski
1Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0116, USA.
Abstract:
A comprehensive lifting model (CLM) for the evaluation and design of manual tasks was developed in two stages using 11 task, personal and environmental variables. In the first stage, the model was built using the psychophysical data. In the second stage, discounting factors of various variables were tested and adjusted using the physiological and biomechanical data. Two lifting indices are proposed to evaluate lifting tasks for a group of workers (relative lifting safety index or RLSI) and for an individual worker (personal lifting safety index or PLSI).
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