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Splanchnic vascular control during sepsis and endotoxemia

A D Sam1, A C Sharma, W R Law

  • 1Department of Surgery, The University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612-7342, USA. adsam@ uic.edu

Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library
|October 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Sepsis and endotoxemia cause circulatory issues, particularly reduced blood flow to the splanchnic organs. Understanding splanchnic vasoregulation is crucial for managing septic patients and preventing organ dysfunction.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Pathophysiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Sepsis and endotoxemia frequently lead to circulatory disturbances, characterized by maldistributed blood flow.
  • A common observation in advanced sepsis is the reduction in splanchnic circulation perfusion.
  • Impaired splanchnic organ perfusion can cause organ dysfunction and worsen bacteremia through intestinal permeability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of vasoregulation within the splanchnic circulation.
  • To understand how splanchnic perfusion is maintained during septic or endotoxemic states.
  • To highlight the importance of evaluating splanchnic hemodynamics in septic patient management.

Main Methods:

  • This study focuses on the physiological and pathophysiological aspects of splanchnic circulation during sepsis.

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  • Utilizes established knowledge on circulatory derangements in endotoxemia and sepsis.
  • Employs a review and synthesis approach to evaluate existing literature on splanchnic vasoregulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Sepsis and endotoxemia induce significant perfusion maldistributions, notably affecting the splanchnic vascular bed.
    • Reduced splanchnic blood flow is a hallmark of severe septic and endotoxemic conditions.
    • Evidence suggests a link between compromised splanchnic perfusion, organ dysfunction, and increased bacterial translocation.

    Conclusions:

    • The splanchnic circulation's response to sepsis is critical for overall patient outcomes.
    • Understanding splanchnic vasoregulation is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies.
    • Further research into maintaining splanchnic perfusion is vital for improving the management of sepsis and endotoxemia.