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Secular trends in malocclusion in Austrian men

F J Weiland1, E Jonke, H P Bantleon

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, University Dental School, Graz, Austria.

European Journal of Orthodontics
|August 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Malocclusion, or dental crowding, has significantly increased in Austrian males over the past century. Modern dental samples show higher malocclusion scores compared to 19th-century individuals, indicating secular changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Anthropology
  • Dental Public Health

Background:

  • Occlusal deviations, commonly known as malocclusion, represent a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding historical trends in malocclusion is crucial for assessing contemporary oral health patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the prevalence and severity of occlusal deviations in permanent dentition between 19th-century and present-day Austrian males.
  • To investigate secular changes in malocclusion over the last century.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating Index) to quantify occlusal deviations.
  • Analyzed skeletal samples from 94 males from the 19th century and 157 males from the present day.
  • Performed a comparative statistical analysis of malocclusion scores between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • Present-day Austrian males exhibited significantly higher malocclusion scores (weighted PAR Index 11.79) compared to 19th-century males (weighted PAR Index 6.62).
  • The findings indicate a substantial increase in the severity of malocclusion over approximately 100 years.

Conclusions:

  • Secular changes have demonstrably impacted the prevalence and severity of malocclusion in the Austrian male population.
  • These findings highlight an increasing trend in dental malocclusion, necessitating further research into contributing factors and potential interventions.

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