Risk factors for alcohol dependence: a questionnaire survey

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Addiction Medicine
• Behavioral Science

Background:

• Alcohol dependence is a complex condition with multiple contributing factors.
• Previous research has identified several correlates of alcoholism, but their combined influence and interactions remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate multiple factors simultaneously as determinants of alcohol dependence.
• To examine potential interactions between these factors in a representative Finnish population.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study utilizing a computerized questionnaire administered to 614 Finnish adults (302 males, 312 females).
• Diagnosis of alcohol dependence based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) criteria.
• Logistic regression analysis was employed to adjust for potential correlates and assess their association with alcohol dependence.

Main Results:

• Alcohol dependence was significantly associated with high levels of asocial behavior and external locus of control (OR 4.4).
• Individuals reporting high stimulation from alcohol intoxication showed increased odds of alcohol dependence (OR 3.4).
• A strong association between high anxiety predisposition and alcohol dependence was observed in males (OR 13.8), but not significantly in females.

Conclusions:

• Asocial behavior, external control beliefs, and seeking stimulation from alcohol intoxication are significant correlates of alcohol dependence.
• Anxiety may be a significant risk factor for alcohol dependence, particularly in males.
• Several identified correlates represent potentially modifiable risk factors for alcohol dependence, offering targets for intervention.