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Speech perception by prelingually deaf children and postlingually deaf adults with cochlear implant
R Tyler1, A J Parkinson, H Fryauf-Bertchy
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA. rich-tyler@uiowa.edu
Scandinavian Audiology. Supplementum
|January 1, 1997
Summary
Cochlear implants show continued improvement in children over three years, while adults see maximum gains within the first year. Audiovisual enhancement significantly improves with cochlear implant use in both groups.
Area of Science:
- Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Cochlear implants are advanced neuroprosthetic devices designed to restore a sense of sound.
- Understanding long-term outcomes in pediatric and adult cochlear implant users is crucial for device optimization and patient counseling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the longitudinal performance of different cochlear implant technologies in prelingually deaf children and postlingually deaf adults.
- To assess the impact of cochlear implantation on audiovisual enhancement.
- To identify factors influencing long-term outcomes in adult cochlear implant recipients.
Main Methods:
- A 3-year longitudinal study involving prelingually deaf children using feature-extraction Nucleus cochlear implants.
- A 3-year longitudinal study involving postlingually deaf adults using Ineraid, Nucleus, and Clarion cochlear implants with different processing strategies.
- Analysis of average patient performance over time, including assessment of audiovisual enhancement.
Main Results:
- Children demonstrated continuous auditory skill improvement over the 3-year period, with some achieving maximum scores on simpler tests.
- Adult users achieved maximum performance gains within the first year, with some showing continued progress up to two years post-implantation.
- Significant improvements in audiovisual enhancement were observed across both pediatric and adult participants.
Conclusions:
- Cochlear implantation offers sustained benefits for children and significant short-to-medium term gains for adults.
- Early intervention and shorter duration of deafness appear to be favorable prognostic factors for adult cochlear implant outcomes.
- Cochlear implants substantially enhance audiovisual integration, contributing to improved speech perception.