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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...

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Disruption of bone marrow stromal cell function by etoposide

L F Gibson1, J Fortney, K S Landreth

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown 26506, USA.

Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation : Journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
|August 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Chemotherapy can damage the bone marrow microenvironment, impairing immune system recovery after transplantation. This study shows etoposide reduces stromal cell support for immune cell growth, impacting patient recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Long-term hematopoietic reconstitution after chemotherapy and transplantation can be impaired.
  • Damage to the bone marrow microenvironment may contribute to these reconstitution deficits.
  • Delayed immune system recovery suggests microenvironmental disruption, even with healthy progenitor cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate functional changes in bone marrow stromal cells after in vitro exposure to etoposide (VP-16).
  • To determine if chemotherapy affects the stromal cell capacity to support immune cell proliferation.
  • To investigate the impact of etoposide on VCAM-1 expression in bone marrow stromal cells.

Main Methods:

  • Primary human bone marrow stromal cells and a murine stromal cell line (S10) were cultured.
  • Cells were exposed in vitro to the chemotherapeutic agent etoposide (VP-16).
  • Functional support for lymphoid and myeloid cell proliferation was assessed.
  • Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression on stromal cells was measured.

Main Results:

  • Etoposide treatment reduced the capacity of stromal cells to support lymphoid and myeloid cell proliferation.
  • A consistent reduction in vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on bone marrow stromal cells was observed after VP-16 exposure.
  • These findings indicate chemotherapy-induced functional disruption of the bone marrow microenvironment.

Conclusions:

  • Chemotherapeutic agents like etoposide can functionally impair bone marrow stromal cells.
  • Damage to the bone marrow microenvironment by chemotherapy affects its ability to support hematopoiesis.
  • Consideration of microenvironmental damage is crucial for optimizing patient recovery following hematopoietic transplantation.