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[Toxocariasis: a case report]

F Paolillo1, C Migliori, M Fornari

  • 1Divisione di Pediatria, Ospedale Maggiori di Lodi, (Italia).

La Pediatria Medica E Chirurgica : Medical and Surgical Pediatrics
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
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This case study details a Toxocara canis infection in an infant presenting with persistent hypereosinophilia and respiratory symptoms. The study highlights the diagnostic challenges of Toxocara canis (TC) larval migration syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Toxocara canis (TC) is a common intestinal parasite in dogs, with larvae capable of migrating to various organs in humans.
  • Human toxocariasis can manifest with diverse clinical symptoms, including visceral larva migrans (VLM), ocular larva migrans (OLM), and covert toxocariasis.
  • Hypereosinophilia is a hallmark of parasitic infections but can also be associated with other conditions, complicating diagnosis.

Observation:

  • An eighteen-month-old child presented with wheezing, hypereosinophilia, and lung congestion.
  • Persistent high eosinophil levels were noted despite initial normal test results during hospitalization.

Findings:

  • The clinical presentation suggests Toxocara canis larvae migration through the lungs.

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  • The fluctuating and persistent hypereosinophilia presented a diagnostic challenge, not fully explained by the initial infection phase.
  • Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of considering Toxocara canis in pediatric differential diagnoses for unexplained hypereosinophilia.
    • Further investigation into the complex immune response in Toxocara canis infections is warranted.