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The phacoemulsification procedure. II. Corneal endothelial changes

F M Polack, A Sugar

Investigative Ophthalmology

|June 1, 1976

Summary

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Phacoemulsification can damage the corneal endothelium, causing edema and cell loss. However, the endothelium typically recovers normal function within ten days after the procedure.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Veterinary Medicine
Cell Biology

Background:

Phacoemulsification is a common cataract surgery technique.
Understanding its impact on the corneal endothelium is crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effects of phacoemulsification on the corneal endothelium in rabbits and cats.
To identify specific procedural steps that contribute to endothelial damage.

Main Methods:

Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize endothelial cell morphology.
Nitroblue tetraz সক্রিয় (NBT) staining assessed cell membrane integrity and permeability.
Different stages of phacoemulsification were analyzed separately.

Main Results:

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Irrigation alone did not cause damage.
Ultrasound and irrigation for 4-6 minutes increased NBT permeability.
8 minutes of irrigation led to endothelial edema and cell junction disruption.
Phacoemulsification caused moderate edema, scattered cell loss, and frequent endothelial destruction.
Postoperative recovery showed gradual improvement in endothelial morphology.

Conclusions:

Phacoemulsification, particularly lens manipulation and instrumentation, can harm the corneal endothelium.
The corneal endothelium demonstrates a capacity for recovery within 7-10 days post-procedure.