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Related Experiment Videos

ARE MITOCHONDRIA SUBJECT TO EVOLUTIONARY TEMPERATURE ADAPTATION?

Johnston, Guderley, Franklin

    The Journal of Experimental Biology
    |January 1, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary

    Fish mitochondria show limited evolutionary adaptation to temperature. While hot-spring dwelling fish have higher respiration rates, other species exhibit modest adjustments, indicating thermal tolerance is not solely dependent on mitochondrial capacity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Oreochromis alcalicus grahami from Lake Magadi, Kenya, inhabit hot springs with temperatures up to 44.8°C.
    • Understanding thermal tolerance in fish requires investigating mitochondrial respiratory properties across different thermal environments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate thermal tolerance and red muscle mitochondrial respiratory properties of Oreochromis alcalicus grahami.
    • To assess evolutionary temperature adaptation of mitochondrial oxidative capacities in fish from diverse thermal habitats.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured maximum respiration rates of isolated red muscle mitochondria using pyruvate and other substrates.
    • Compared mitochondrial respiration rates across fish species from extreme cold (Antarctica) to hot springs (Kenya).

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  • Analyzed State 3 respiration rates and Q10 values to determine temperature sensitivity.

    • Main Results:

    • Mitochondria from hot-spring fish (O. a. grahami) exhibited higher respiration rates at elevated temperatures compared to other species.
    • Mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation rates were similar between Antarctic and North Sea fish, and higher than in African lake fish at given temperatures.
    • Antarctic fish mitochondria showed significantly lower oxidation rates for pyruvate and palmitoyl-dl-carnitine at their normal body temperature compared to hot-spring fish.

    Conclusions:

    • Mitochondrial oxidative capacities show only modest evolutionary adjustments in fish across different thermal environments.
    • Thermal tolerance in fish is likely influenced by factors beyond maximal mitochondrial respiration rates.
    • The study highlights the complex interplay between environmental temperature and mitochondrial function in fish adaptation.