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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in Thai children diagnosed by polysomnography
A Preutthipan1, S Suwanjutha, T Chantarojanasiri
1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Insights
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is common in Thai children, with most cases linked to enlarged tonsils and adenoids. Surgery, like tonsillectomy, effectively treats pediatric OSAS.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Sleep Medicine
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a prevalent condition in children.
- Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing pediatric OSAS and preventing long-term complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the characteristics and predisposing factors of pediatric OSAS in Thai children.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of different treatment modalities for OSAS in this population.
Main Methods:
- Overnight polysomnography was performed on 39 children with suspected OSAS.
- Data collected included polysomnographic criteria, demographic information, and predisposing factors.
- Treatment outcomes were assessed following surgical and non-surgical interventions.
Main Results:
- 85% of the children met the criteria for pediatric OSAS, with 42.4% having severe OSAS.
- The male to female ratio was 4.5:1, and the peak age for diagnosis was 3-4 years.
- Adenotonsillar hypertrophy was the most common predisposing factor, and surgery (adenoidectomy/tonsillectomy) showed high efficacy.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric OSAS is a significant health issue in Thai children, often associated with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.
- Surgical intervention, specifically adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy, is an effective treatment for pediatric OSAS.
- Nasal continuous positive airway pressure also aids in symptom recovery.
Abstract:
Overnight polysomnography was conducted in 39 Thai children with clinically suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) during the years 1994 to 1996. Eighty-five percent of these children met the polysomnographic criteria of pediatric OSAS, 42.4% among whom had severe OSAS. Male : female ratio of children with OSAS was 4.5:1. The peak age at the time of diagnosis was 3 to 4 years. The most common predisposing factor was adenoidal and tonsillar hypertrophy. Adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy was the most effective therapeutic option. Recovery of symptoms was observed following surgery and nasal continuous positive airway pressure.