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Genetic studies of suicidal behavior

A Roy1, G Rylander, M Sarchiapone

  • 1Department of Veterans Affairs, East Orange, New Jersey, USA.

The Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|November 5, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Family history significantly increases suicide risk. Genetic factors, including tryptophan hydroxylase gene variations, play a role in suicidal behavior, as supported by twin and adoption studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Molecular Psychiatry

Background:

  • Suicidal behavior aggregates within families.
  • A family history of suicide is linked to increased risk for suicide attempts and completion.
  • Twin and adoption studies suggest a genetic component to suicidal behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for familial and genetic factors in suicidal behavior.
  • To highlight recent molecular genetic findings related to suicide risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical, twin, adoption, and molecular genetic studies.
  • Examination of concordance rates in monozygotic versus dizygotic twins.
  • Analysis of gene polymorphisms associated with suicidal behavior.

Main Results:

  • Family history is a significant risk factor for suicidal behavior.
  • Genetic factors contribute to suicidal behavior, evidenced by twin and adoption studies.
  • Polymorphisms in the tryptophan hydroxylase gene are associated with suicidal behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Suicidal behavior has a substantial familial and genetic basis.
  • Understanding genetic predispositions can inform suicide prevention strategies.
  • Further research into the molecular genetics of suicide is warranted.

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