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Why does attachment style change?

J Davila1, D Burge, C Hammen

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1563, USA. davila@psych.sscnet.ucla.edu

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|November 5, 1997
PubMed
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Attachment styles can change, particularly for women with adverse early experiences. These fluctuations resemble stably insecure attachment patterns, suggesting individual differences in susceptibility to change.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Attachment style is traditionally viewed as stable in adulthood.
  • Growing interest in attachment instability and its predictors.
  • Examining two models of attachment style change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate attachment style change in adult women.
  • To differentiate between change as a reaction to circumstances versus an individual difference.
  • To identify vulnerability factors associated with attachment instability.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 155 women.
  • Assessments conducted post-high school, 6 months, and 2 years later.
  • Analysis focused on conceptualizations of attachment style change.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Results predominantly supported attachment style change as an individual difference.
  • Identified that some women are prone to attachment fluctuations due to adverse early experiences.
  • Women exhibiting attachment fluctuations share characteristics with those having stable insecure attachments.

Conclusions:

  • Attachment style change is best understood as an individual difference, not solely a reaction to current events.
  • Adverse early experiences may predispose individuals to attachment instability.
  • Attachment fluctuations indicate a vulnerability similar to stable insecure attachment patterns.