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Screening for prostatic carcinoma with prostate specific antigen

R Waidelich1, H M Jansen, P Stieber

  • 1Department of Urology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.

Anticancer Research
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening aids in detecting prostate cancer. Combining PSA levels with digital rectal exams improves cancer detection rates in internal medicine patients.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a biomarker used in prostate cancer screening.
  • Early detection of prostate cancer can improve patient outcomes.
  • The diagnostic utility of PSA in conjunction with digital rectal examination (DRE) requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostatic carcinoma.
  • To assess the diagnostic accuracy of PSA combined with digital rectal examination (DRE).

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 262 internal medicine inpatients.
  • Rectal digital examination (DRE) and PSA determination using the Tandem-E method.
  • Biopsies were performed for suspicious DRE findings or PSA > 10 ng/ml.

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Main Results:

  • PSA levels were < or = 4 ng/ml in 83.6% of patients.
  • 16 patients (6.1%) had PSA > 10 ng/ml; biopsies were omitted in 37.5% due to comorbidities.
  • Seven cases of prostate cancer were detected, with PSA values ranging from 11.2 to 875 ng/ml.
  • The highest cancer detection rate (70%) was achieved with combined suspicious DRE and PSA > 10 ng/ml.

Conclusions:

  • Prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening, particularly when combined with digital rectal examination (DRE), is valuable for detecting prostate cancer.
  • The combination of DRE and elevated PSA levels significantly enhances prostate cancer detection rates.
  • Careful consideration of patient comorbidities is essential when interpreting PSA screening results and planning biopsies.