Central serous chorioretinopathy associated with inhaled or intranasal corticosteroids

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between inhaled or intranasal adrenergic agonists and corticosteroids and the development of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

The medical records of three patients with CSC who were found to use inhaled adrenergic agents or corticosteroids or both were identified prospectively. A survey of members of the Retina, Macula, and Vitreous societies and the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects identified three additional cases.

Six patients with CSC were found to be chronic users of corticosteroid (four patients) or both beta adrenergic agonist and corticosteroid (two patients) metered dose inhalers or nasal sprays. In three cases, there was a close temporal correlation between the use of a corticosteroid nasal spray and the development of CSC.

These findings suggest that, in patients who are susceptible, the periocular or systemic absorption of inhaled corticosteroids may be sufficient to produce CSC in humans, supporting previous hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of the disorder. Further studies are needed to confirm this association and to determine whether inhaled adrenergic agents also contribute to the development of this disorder. Patients in whom CSC develops while using corticosteroid inhalers or nasal sprays should be alerted to the possible relationship between CSC and these agents.